Debian 7 Through Debian Testing Benchmarks With/Without Mitigations
The Zstd performance has been slightly faster since Debian 10.
The Cython performance improved big time in Debian 9 and remained that way for Debian 10 but has pulled back since in Debian Testing.
The LAME MP3 has gradually improved with time for offering faster audio encoding.
The Hackbench performance would be better on the newer Debian releases had the security vulnerabilities not come to light.
Some Perl benchmarks are faster with newer versions of Debian but others are hurt by the default security mitigations.