PostgreSQL is one of the real-world workloads that is measurably impacted by the Intel CPU mitigations though aside from when disabling Hyper Threading did still generally outperform the AMD FX processors tested.
The GIMP open-source Photoshop alternative also runs slower on the Intel CPUs with the mitigations though the Intel Core i5/i7 CPUs still outperformed the AMD FX competition.
Redis being another real-world workload seeing hits from these mitigations but still came out ahead of the AMD FX processors.