The Ubuntu Linux Performance Over The Past Six Years On An Intel Xeon Server
Stress-NG was used for some synthetic kernel tests between Linux 3.5 and Linux 4.18. The crypto performance was slightly faster.
The forking speed meanwhile is a great deal slower.
Semaphores were faster on Ubuntu 18.10 with Linux 4.18.
The socket activity was hit hard by Spectre/Meltdown patches but even without them is still slower than six years ago.
The message passing performance would have been faster with Ubuntu 18.10 had it not been for Spectre and Meltdown.